#Galileo quotes and yet it moves trial

In the 12th century, the Catholic doctrine developed from Patristic philosophy to Scholastic philosophy. With the pretext to help people understand the Catholic doctrine, Augustine established Patristic philosophy by accepting the theories and ideas of Plato who was an ancient Greek philosopher. In the 4th century, when Augustine-one of the medieval philosopher-lived, Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire. If people went against the papacy, however, even the truth was persecuted and scientific knowledge was no exception. True to its name “Catholic” which means universal, they accepted everything that suited its taste. Knowledge only existed to support the Church’s ideas. The age of darkness gave no room for the truth of God, and even all knowledge was under the authority of the Roman Catholic Church. The witch-hunt during the 16th and 17th centuries was a good example. In a complete darkness without a steak of light, the papal Inquisition executed those who did not follow the Catholic Church, denouncing them as heretics. Being overwhelmed by the power of the papacy, which was strong enough to make an emperor kneel down in the snow, the European society lost the ability to tell right from wrong. The Loss of Right and Wrongĭenis Diderot and Jean Le Rond d’Alembert, the representative French Enlightenment thinkers, perceived the Middle Ages as a dark period of human history. It took nearly 400 years for him to be reinstated.

#Galileo quotes and yet it moves trial

But he was brought to trial because he advocated the Copernican heliocentrism, and in 1633 he was condemned by the Roman Catholic Church. He is called the father of modern science for his contribution to the new physical science. Galileo Galilei observed the moon and Mars with the telescope he invented, and his experiment at the Leaning Tower of Pisa became a cornerstone of modern physics. Yes, and yet it does move.In 1992, the Roman Catholic Church officially admitted to erring in condemning Galileo Galilei, a 17th-century Italian astronomer, who maintained that the earth revolves around the sun. The head of the current investigation said ' we know today that Galileo was right in adopting the Copernican astronomical theory. John Paul II said that the scientist was 'imprudently opposed'. The Pope closed a 13 year investigation into the Churchs condemnation the dispute between the Church and Galileo has long stood as one of history's great emblems of conflict between reason and dogma, between science and faith.The Vatican's formal acknowledgment that it does not serve as the final arbiter of faith as a supreme mea culpa. On October 30, 1992, more than 350 years after the church condemned Galileo Pope John Paul II rectified one of the churches most infamous wrongs and persecution of the Italian astronomer Galileo with a formal statement at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences. Galileo was ordered to read seven penitential psalms once a week for the next three years. He was committed to house arrest where he remained for the rest of his life. He was sentenced to formal imprisonment at the pleasure of the Inquisition. He was required to 'abjure, curse, and detest' those opinions. The Inquisition delivered its verdict on June 22, and Galileo was found to be 'vehemently suspect of heresy, holding the opinion that the sun lies motionless where i the earth was not the center and moves contrary to Holy Scripture.

Under the threat of torture he was pressured eventually to admit that he had been a defender of Copernicus he was forced to recant. The Pope took offense, and Galileo was summoned to Rome where he was placed on trial in September 1632. Pope Urban,VIII, had confronted Galileo asking him to give arguments for and against Copernicus and his espousal of heliocentrism. He invented an improved the telescope that let him to observe the moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn, the phases of Venus, sunspots, and the rugged surface of the moon. He made major contributions to physics, astronomy, cosmology, mathematics, and philosophy. Galileo is commonly considered to be the father of modern science. The painting depicts Galileo in the dungeon gazing at the wall of his prison cell on which are scratched the words 'and yet it moves.' These words were found on a Spanish painting by the Spanish painter Bartolome Esteban Murillo that had been completed within a year or two of Galileo's death in 1642. 'And yet it moves' is a phrase attributed to Galileo Galilei in 1633.In his book ' On the Shoulders of Giants the Great Works of Physics and Astronomy' Stephen Hawking proposes that the statement was uttered when Galileo was being transferred from house arrest to another home in the hills above Florence.